Mệnh đề quan hệ, hay còn gọi là mệnh đề phụ thuộc, là một thành phần quan trọng của ngữ pháp tiếng Anh. Dưới đây là bài viết về chủ đề: Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ lớp 10 có đáp án chi tiết mới nhất, mời bạn đọc theo dõi.
Mục lục bài viết
1. Các dạng mệnh đề quan hệ trong tiếng Anh:
Mệnh đề quan hệ trong tiếng Anh là một khía cạnh quan trọng giúp chúng ta mô tả, xác định và mở rộng ý nghĩa của các danh từ trong câu. Có hai loại mệnh đề quan hệ quan trọng mà chúng ta thường gặp: mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định.
– Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (Defining relative clauses):
Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định được sử dụng để định rõ và xác định một danh từ mà nó đứng trước. Nó thường là bắt buộc để hiểu đúng nghĩa của câu, và nếu loại mệnh đề này không có, câu sẽ trở nên mơ hồ. Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định thường không được phân cách với mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy.
Ví dụ: “The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.” (Cuốn sách mà tôi đã mượn từ thư viện rất thú vị.)
Trong ví dụ trên, mệnh đề quan hệ xác định “that I borrowed from the library” giúp xác định rõ đối tượng là “The book.” Nếu loại mệnh đề này bị loại bỏ, ý nghĩa của câu sẽ không còn hoàn chỉnh.
– Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định (Non-defining relative clauses):
Ngược lại, mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định cung cấp thông tin bổ sung về một người, vật hoặc sự kiện đã được xác định. Mệnh đề này không bắt buộc trong câu và thường được phân cách với mệnh đề chính bằng dấu phẩy hoặc dấu gạch ngang.
Ví dụ: “Dalat, which I visited last summer, is very beautiful.” (Đà Lạt, nơi mà tôi đã thăm vào hà năm ngoái, rất xinh đẹp.)
Ở đây, mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định “which I visited last summer” không là bắt buộc, và nếu loại bỏ nó, ý nghĩa của câu vẫn rõ ràng. Mệnh đề này giúp cung cấp thêm thông tin, nhưng không quyết định ý nghĩa cơ bản của câu.
Để xác định khi nào sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định, ta cần xem xét các yếu tố sau:
– Khi danh từ mà mệnh đề bổ nghĩa là một danh từ riêng.
– Khi danh từ mà mệnh đề bổ nghĩa là một tính từ sở hữu (my, his, her, their).
– Khi danh từ mà mệnh đề bổ nghĩa là một danh từ được đi kèm với this, that, these, those.
Phân biệt giữa mệnh đề quan hệ xác định và mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định có thể dựa trên loại danh từ được bổ nghĩa, tính cần thiết của mệnh đề cho ý nghĩa cơ bản của câu và cách phân cách mệnh đề với mệnh đề chính. Sự hiểu biết về cả hai loại mệnh đề này sẽ giúp người học sử dụng chúng một cách chính xác và linh hoạt trong việc biểu đạt ý của mình trong tiếng Anh.
2. Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ lớp 10 có đáp án về WHO, WHICH hoặc THAT:
I. Fill in the blanks with WHO, WHICH or THAT:
1. The men _______ lives next-door are English.
2. The dictionary _______ you gave me is very good.
3. Do you know the girls _______ are standing outside the church?
4. The police are looking for the thieve _______ got into my house last night.
5. The chocolate _______ you like comes from the United States.
6. I have lost the necklace _______ my mother gave me on my birthday.
7. A burglar is someone _______ breaks into a house and steals things.
8. Buses _______ go to the airport run every half hour.
9. I can’t find the key _______ opens this door.
10. I gave you a book _______ had many pictures.
11. I don’t like the boy _______ Sue is going out with.
12. Did you see the beautiful dress _______ she wore yesterday.
13. The man _______ she is going to marry is very rich.
14. This is the bank _______ was robbed yesterday.
15. He wore a mask _______ made him look like Mickey Mouse.
ĐÁP ÁN
1. The men ___who___ lives next-door are English.
2. The dictionary ___which___ you gave me is very good.
3. Do you know the girls ___who___ are standing outside the church?
4. The police are looking for the thieve ___who___ got into my house last night.
5. The chocolate ___which___ you like comes from the United States.
6. I have lost the necklace ___which___ my mother gave me on my birthday.
7. A burglar is someone ___that___ breaks into a house and steals things.
8. Buses ___that___ go to the airport run every half hour.
9. I can’t find the key ___which___ opens this door.
10. I gave you a book ___which___ had many pictures.
11. I don’t like the boy ___who___ Sue is going out with.
12. Did you see the beautiful dress ___which___ she wore yesterday.
13. The man ___whom___ she is going to marry is very rich.
14. This is the bank ___which___ was robbed yesterday.
15. He wore a mask ___which___ made him look like Mickey Mouse.
3. Bài tập mệnh đề quan hệ lớp 10 có đáp án về WHO, WHICH or WHOSE:
1. He arrived with a friend ______ waited outside in the car.
2. The man ______ mobile was ringing did not know what to do.
3. The car ______ the robbers escaped in was a BMW.
4. The woman ______ daughter was crying tried to calm her down.
5. The postman ______ works in the village is very old.
6. The family ______ car was stolen last week is the Smiths.
7. The cowboy ______ is wearing a red shirt looks very funny.
8. A bus is a big car ______ carries lots of people.
9. The volunteers, ______ enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly.
10. Children ______ like music are often good at mathematics.
11. The engineers ______ designed the building received an award.
12. The girl ______ recited the poem is my niece.
13. The townspeople, ______ pride in their community is well- known, raised enough money to build a new town hall.
14. The Pacific Ocean, ______ might have been crossed by raft during the Stone Age, is the world’s largest ocean.
15. The newspaper to ______ we subscribe is delivered regularly.
ĐÁP ÁN
1. He arrived with a friend ___who___ waited outside in the car.
2. The man ___whose___ mobile was ringing did not know what to do.
3. The car ___which___ the robbers escaped in was a BMW.
4. The woman ___whose___ daughter was crying tried to calm her down.
5. The postman ___who___ works in the village is very old.
6. The family ___whose___ car was stolen last week is the Smiths.
7. The cowboy ___who___ is wearing a red shirt looks very funny.
8. A bus is a big car ___which___ carries lots of people.
9. The volunteers, ___whose___ enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly.
10. Children ___who___ like music are often good at mathematics.
11. The engineers ___who___ designed the building received an award.
12. The girl ___who___ recited the poem is my niece.
13. The townspeople, ___whose___ pride in their community is well-known, raised enough money to build a new town hall.
14. The Pacific Ocean, ___which___ might have been crossed by raft during the Stone Age, is the world’s largest ocean.
15. The newspaper to ____which___ we subscribe is delivered regularly.
4. Bài tập có đáp án về kết hợp các cặp câu bằng cách mệnh đề quan hệ:
1. The first boy has just moved. He knows the truth.
………
2. I don’t remember the man. You said you met him at the canteen last week.
………
3. The only thing is how to go home. It make me worried.
…….
4. The most beautiful girl lives city. I like her long hair very much.
………
5. He was Tom. I met him at the bar yesterday.
………
6. The children often go swimming on Sundays. They have much free time then.
………
7. They are looking for the man and his dog. They have lost the way in the forest.
………
8. The tree has lovely flowers. The tree stands near the gate of my house.
………
9. My wife wants you to come to dinner. You were speaking to my wife
………
10. The last man has just returned from the farm. I want to talk to him at once.
…….
11. The students will be awarded the present. The students’ reports are very valuable.
……..
12. The book was a lovely story. I was reading it yesterday.
………
13. The botanist will never forget the day. He found a strange plant on that day.
………
14. Someone is phoning you. He looked for you three hours ago.
………
15. The man works for my father’s company. The man’s daughter is fond of dancing.
………..
ĐÁP ÁN
1. The first boy who knows the truth has just moved.
2. I don’t remember the man whom you said you met at the canteen last week.
3. The only thing which make me worried is how to go home.
4. The most beautiful girl, whose long hair I like very much, lives in this city.
5. The man whom I met at the bar yesterday was Tom.
6. The children often go swimming on Sundays when they have much free time.
7. They’re looking for the man and his dog that have lost the way in the forest.
8. The tree which stands near the gate of my house has lovely flowers.
9. My wife, whom you were speaking to, wants you to come to dinner.
10. I want to talk to the last man who has just returned from the farm.
11. The students whose report are very valuable will be awarded the present.
12. The book which I was reading yesterday was a lovely story.
13. The botanist will never forget the day when he found a strange plant.
14. The person who looked for you three hours ago is phoning you.
15. The man whose daughter is fond of dancing works for my father’s company.
